“Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and national estimates for 2000–15.” The Lancet Global Health 6.7 (2018): e744-e757.Ĭhen, C., Liceras, F. The disgraceful neglect of childhood pneumonia. The Lancet Global Health Editorial (2018).
Pneumonia: a global cause without champions. In 2017 808,920 children died from pneumonia.
BMC infectious diseases, 8(1), 95.ģ65 days in a year. Clinical case review: a method to improve identification of true clinical and radiographic pneumonia in children meeting the World Health Organization definition for pneumonia. Puumalainen, T., Quiambao, B., Abucejo-Ladesma, E., Lupisan, S., Heiskanen-Kosma, T., Ruutu, P., … & Riley, I. Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years between 20: a systematic analysis. Pushing the Pace: Progress and Challenges in Fighting Childhood Pneumonia. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IMHE). study from 2008 has found that 34% of clinically diagnosed pneumonia cases have radiographic evidence of pneumonia and 11% had a diagnosable bacterial cause. However, because such diagnosis requires a lot of resources, it is often not possible to do. Ideally, pneumonia would always be diagnosed by a physician using radiological imaging and by determining the causative agent. Symptoms-based definition inevitably means that diseases with similar symptoms may be misdiagnosed as clinical pneumonia. While cases of bronchiolitis are quite common they are generally not fatal, therefore, it is reasonable to assume that most of IHME data refers to cases of clinical pneumonia.Ĭlinical pneumonia (also called WHO-pneumonia) is pneumonia that is diagnosed by symptoms (fast breathing and coughing). In this entry we use data provided by IHME as an estimate for the deaths from pneumonia. The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) provides mortality data on LRIs, which they define as pneumonia caused by a range of different pathogens (see IHME (2014) and McAllister (2019) references), though they also include bronchiolitis in this category. The research literature uses the terms pneumonia and lower respiratory infections (LRIs) interchangeably. Global Burden of Disease studies estimates that 809,000 children died from pneumonia in 2017. This blog post draws on data and research discussed in our entries on Pneumonia and Child Mortality. Our World in Data presents the empirical evidence on global development in entries dedicated to specific topics. Better access to healthcare facilities, antibiotics, and oxygen therapy can all contribute to saving more lives. 8Īnd when prevention is not sufficient, we need to provide more access to available treatments. (2013) suggests mortality from pneumonia in lower-income countries among children who are not breastfed in the first 5 months of their lives is 15 times greater than those who exclusively received their mother’s milk. In addition to vaccination, promoting breastfeeding of newborns is also an essential preventative measure. 7 We discuss the potential of pneumococcal vaccines in more detail here.
(2019) suggest that if almost every child would be immunised with pneumococcal vaccine, we could save the lives of close to 400,000 children annually. 6īut still too few children are vaccinated, which means we are missing out on the much greater impacts vaccines could have. Researchers have estimated that, combined, these vaccines saved the lives of 1.4 million children between the years of 20. PCV and Hib vaccines protect children from pneumonia caused by pneumococcus and H. We explore the role of these risk factors in more detail here.Īpart from limiting risk factors, one of the best ways to prevent pneumonia is to vaccinate children against the pathogens that cause it – and we have very effective vaccines available. By continuing to reduce child exposure to these risk factors we can continue to reduce child mortality from pneumonia. In 1990, more than two million children died from pneumonia each year by 2017 this number had fallen by almost two-thirds.Īs well as increased availability of interventions and treatments such as pneumococcal vaccines and antibiotics, improvements in the major risk factors such as childhood wasting, high air pollution, and poor sanitation have all contributed to this decline. The number of children dying from pneumonia has decreased substantially over the past three decades. In the visualization here we see global deaths from pneumonia by age group.
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